One the main trends of the stem cell biology is the research of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), which were first obtained in 2007. Nowadays the possibility to differentiate hiPSC in vitro into many specific cell types, such as cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, retinal epithelium and others has been demonstrated. These studies are of great importance for regenerative medicine, as they make it possible to elude the whole range of technical difficulties and ethical problems related to obtaining and usage of patient- specific lines of embryonic stem cells. Nevertheless, hiPSC are not sufficiently studied, and in particular, at the moment there are no comprehensive data concerning the comparison of the differentiation potential of hiPSC and human embryonic stem cells (hESC)...